解锁Web3未来：Rust与Solidity智能合约实战

寻月隐君
发布于 4天前
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解锁Web3未来：Rust与Solidity智能合约实战Web3正在重塑互联网的未来，而Rust与Solidity的强强联合为开发者提供了打造高效、安全区块链应用的利器。本文通过“rust-chain”项目，带你走进Web3开发的实战前沿。从智能合约的编写到部署Holesky测试网，再到Rust后

# 解锁Web3未来：Rust与Solidity智能合约实战

Web3正在重塑互联网的未来，而Rust与Solidity的强强联合为开发者提供了打造高效、安全区块链应用的利器。本文通过“rust-chain”项目，带你走进Web3开发的实战前沿。从智能合约的编写到部署Holesky测试网，再到Rust后端与区块链的交互，这份教程将解锁Rust和Solidity的无限可能，助你快速掌握2025年Web3开发的核心技能。无论你是区块链新手还是资深开发者，都能在这里找到灵感与干货！

本文详细展示了基于Rust和Solidity的Web3区块链项目“rust-chain”的开发全流程。项目涵盖Rust项目初始化、Solidity智能合约（Counter）开发与部署、Rust后端API构建，以及与Holesky测试网的交互。文章通过清晰的代码示例和运行结果，演示了如何使用Foundry工具链和ethers-rs库实现合约部署与查询，并通过Axum框架提供高效API服务。读者将掌握Rust与Solidity结合的实战技巧，解锁Web3开发的前沿技能，适合希望快速上手区块链应用开发的从业者。

## 实操

### 创建项目

创建一个新的 Rust 项目，项目名称为 rust-chain

```bash
cargo new rust-chain

Creating binary (application) `rust-chain` package
note: see more `Cargo.toml` keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
```

### 构建与运行Rust项目：rust-chain

```bash
cd rust-chain

ls
Cargo.toml src
cargo run
   Compiling rust-chain v0.1.0 (/Users/qiaopengjun/Code/Rust/rust-chain)
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.63s
     Running `target/debug/rust-chain`
Hello, world!
```

### 创建合约项目目录

```bash
mkdir contracts
```

### 切换到合约项目目录并初始化

```bash
cd contracts && forge init
```

### 查看合约项目目录

```bash
rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ tree . -L 6 -I "out|lib|cache|broadcast"
.
├── foundry.toml
├── note.md
├── README.md
├── remappings.txt
├── script
│   └── Counter.s.sol
├── src
│   └── Counter.sol
└── test
    └── Counter.t.sol

4 directories, 7 files

```

### 合约代码 Counter.sol

```ts
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract Counter {
    uint256 public number;

function setNumber(uint256 newNumber) public {
        number = newNumber;
    }

function increment() public {
        number++;
    }
}

```

### 部署脚本 Counter.s.sol

```ts
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Script, console2} from "forge-std/Script.sol";
import {Counter} from "../src/Counter.sol";

contract CounterScript is Script {
    Counter public counter;

function setUp() public {}

function run() public {
        uint256 deployerPrivateKey = vm.envUint("PRIVATE_KEY");
        vm.startBroadcast(deployerPrivateKey);

counter = new Counter();

console2.log("Counter address: ", address(counter));
        counter.setNumber(69420);
        console2.log("Counter number: ", counter.number());
        vm.stopBroadcast();
    }
}

```

### 安装项目所需的依赖库

```bash
rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ forge install                                 
Updating dependencies in /Users/qiaopengjun/Code/Rust/rust-chain/contracts/lib
```

### 项目依赖映射生成并保存到 remappings.txt 文件

```bash
rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ forge remappings > remappings.txt
```

### 编译构建合约

`forge build` 就是 Foundry 用来将你的 Solidity 代码转换成计算机（以太坊虚拟机 EVM）可以理解和执行的格式的命令。

```bash
rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ forge build                      
[⠊] Compiling...
No files changed, compilation skipped
```

### 部署并验证合约

```bash
rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ source .env

rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ forge script CounterScript --rpc-url $HOLESKY_RPC_URL --broadcast --verify -vvvvv 
[⠊] Compiling...
No files changed, compilation skipped
Traces:
  [121] CounterScript::setUp()
    └─ ← [Stop]

[167052] CounterScript::run()
    ├─ [0] VM::envUint("PRIVATE_KEY") [staticcall]
    │   └─ ← [Return] <env var value>
    ├─ [0] VM::startBroadcast(<pk>)
    │   └─ ← [Return]
    ├─ [96345] → new Counter@0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D
    │   └─ ← [Return] 481 bytes of code
    ├─ [0] console::log("Counter address: ", Counter: [0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D]) [staticcall]
    │   └─ ← [Stop]
    ├─ [22492] Counter::setNumber(69420 [6.942e4])
    │   └─ ← [Stop]
    ├─ [424] Counter::number() [staticcall]
    │   └─ ← [Return] 69420 [6.942e4]
    ├─ [0] console::log("Counter number: ", 69420 [6.942e4]) [staticcall]
    │   └─ ← [Stop]
    ├─ [0] VM::stopBroadcast()
    │   └─ ← [Return]
    └─ ← [Stop]

Script ran successfully.

== Logs ==
  Counter address:  0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D
  Counter number:  69420

## Setting up 1 EVM.
==========================
Simulated On-chain Traces:

[96345] → new Counter@0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D
    └─ ← [Return] 481 bytes of code

[22492] Counter::setNumber(69420 [6.942e4])
    └─ ← [Stop]

==========================

Chain 17000

Estimated gas price: 0.00349614 gwei

Estimated total gas used for script: 264249

Estimated amount required: 0.00000092385149886 ETH

==========================

##### holesky
✅  [Success] Hash: 0xc29b0a07ed4e464222824cf483c5fcb49d2be8a6d4b7928e69f3e322cf045c5d
Contract Address: 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D
Block: 3787922
Paid: 0.000000548248384151 ETH (156817 gas * 0.003496103 gwei)

##### holesky
✅  [Success] Hash: 0x6bff519cb35a59975c8c7984d459e3651f7376fe33c68d15cecffd233e9489a4
Block: 3787922
Paid: 0.00000015284962316 ETH (43720 gas * 0.003496103 gwei)

✅ Sequence #1 on holesky | Total Paid: 0.000000701098007311 ETH (200537 gas * avg 0.003496103 gwei)

==========================

ONCHAIN EXECUTION COMPLETE & SUCCESSFUL.
##
Start verification for (1) contracts
Start verifying contract `0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D` deployed on holesky
EVM version: shanghai
Compiler version: 0.8.20

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (4 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (3 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (2 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (1 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (0 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Submitted contract for verification:
        Response: `OK`
        GUID: `fgkwdamvcuihvdydrfaxyfwwnmwuwcncpri6ljnjtbwgaxajaw`
        URL: https://holesky.etherscan.io/address/0x5a31b9407095dd9a295139c4f0183c076051632d
Contract verification status:
Response: `NOTOK`
Details: `Pending in queue`
Warning: Verification is still pending...; waiting 15 seconds before trying again (7 tries remaining)
Contract verification status:
Response: `OK`
Details: `Pass - Verified`
Contract successfully verified
All (1) contracts were verified!

Transactions saved to: /Users/qiaopengjun/Code/Rust/rust-chain/contracts/broadcast/Counter.s.sol/17000/run-latest.json

Sensitive values saved to: /Users/qiaopengjun/Code/Rust/rust-chain/contracts/cache/Counter.s.sol/17000/run-latest.json

```

### 浏览器查看合约

https://holesky.etherscan.io/address/0x5a31b9407095dd9a295139c4f0183c076051632d#code

![image-20250507202835619.png](https://img.learnblockchain.cn/attachments/2025/05/wLof8UT8681d6b73c8c64.png)

### 查看项目目录结构

```bash
rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ tree . -L 6 -I "out|lib|cache|broadcast|target"
.
├── Cargo.lock
├── Cargo.toml
├── contracts
│   ├── foundry.toml
│   ├── note.md
│   ├── README.md
│   ├── remappings.txt
│   ├── script
│   │   └── Counter.s.sol
│   ├── src
│   │   └── Counter.sol
│   └── test
│       └── Counter.t.sol
├── src
│   ├── counter.json
│   ├── counter.rs
│   ├── lib.rs
│   ├── main.rs
│   └── routes.rs
└── test.http

6 directories, 15 files
```

### ABI 文件 counter.json

```json
[
  {
    "inputs": [],
    "name": "increment",
    "outputs": [],
    "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
    "type": "function"
  },
  {
    "inputs": [],
    "name": "number",
    "outputs": [{ "internalType": "uint256", "name": "", "type": "uint256" }],
    "stateMutability": "view",
    "type": "function"
  },
  {
    "inputs": [
      { "internalType": "uint256", "name": "newNumber", "type": "uint256" }
    ],
    "name": "setNumber",
    "outputs": [],
    "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
    "type": "function"
  }
]

```

### counter.rs 文件

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use ethers::{
    contract::{ContractError, abigen},
    providers::{Http, Provider},
    types::{Address, U256},
};

abigen!(CounterContract, "./src/counter.json");

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Counter {
    pub client: Arc<Provider<Http>>,
    pub contract: CounterContract<Provider<Http>>,
}

impl Counter {
    pub fn new(provider: Arc<Provider<Http>>, address: Address) -> Self {
        let contract = CounterContract::new(address, provider.clone());
        Self {
            client: provider,
            contract,
        }
    }

pub async fn get_number(&self) -> Result<U256, ContractError<Provider<Http>>> {
        let number = self.contract.number().call().await?;
        Ok(number)
    }
}

```

### routes.rs 文件

```rust
use axum::{
    Extension, Json,
    http::StatusCode,
    response::{IntoResponse, Response},
};
use ethers::{
    contract::ContractError,
    providers::{Http, Middleware, Provider, ProviderError},
};
use thiserror::Error;
use tracing::info;

use crate::counter::Counter;

#[derive(Debug, Error)]
pub enum ApiError {
    #[error(": ContractError {0}")]
    ContractError(#[from] ContractError<Provider<Http>>),
    #[error(": ProviderError {0}")]
    ProviderError(#[from] ProviderError),
}

impl IntoResponse for ApiError {
    fn into_response(self) -> Response {
        let body = match self {
            Self::ContractError(e) => format!("Contract Error: {}", e),
            Self::ProviderError(e) => format!("Provider Error: {}", e),
        };
        (StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, body).into_response()
    }
}

pub async fn handle_number(
    Extension(counter): Extension<Counter>,
) -> Result<Json<String>, ApiError> {
    info!("Getting number");

let number = counter.get_number().await?;
    Ok(Json(number.to_string()))
}

pub async fn handle_block_number(
    Extension(counter): Extension<Counter>,
) -> Result<Json<String>, ApiError> {
    info!("Getting block number");
    let block_number: u64 = counter.client.get_block_number().await?.as_u64();

Ok(Json(block_number.to_string()))
}

```

### lib.rs 文件

```rust
pub mod counter;
pub mod routes;
```

### Cargo.toml 文件

```toml
[package]
name = "rust-chain"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2024"

[dependencies]
anyhow = "1.0.98"
dotenv = "0.15.0"
ethers = { version = "2.0.14", default-features = false, features = ["rustls"] }
tokio = { version = "1.45.0", features = ["full"] }
tracing = "0.1.41"
tracing-subscriber = "0.3.19"
axum = { version = "0.8.4", features = ["json"] }
thiserror = "2.0.12"
eyre = "0.6.12"
axum-macros = "0.5.0"

```

### 构建项目

**`cargo build`**: Rust 的构建命令，默认会：

- 编译当前项目及其依赖。
- 生成 **未优化的调试版本**（适合开发阶段）。

```bash
rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 took 1h 21m 13.5s 
➜ cargo build
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.53s

```

### 基本检查（当前包）

`cargo check` 是 Rust 的 **快速静态检查命令**，它只进行语法和类型检查，**不生成可执行文件**，因此速度比 `cargo build` 快很多。

```bash
rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ cargo check
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.50s

```

### **编译并运行**项目

`cargo run` 是 Rust 项目中用于 **编译并运行** 可执行程序的命令。它会自动处理代码编译（如果需要）并执行生成的二进制文件。

```bash
rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ cargo run  
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.42s
     Running `target/debug/rust-chain`
2025-05-08T11:14:33.351987Z  INFO rust_chain: listening on 127.0.0.1:8080

rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ cargo run  
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.42s
     Running `target/debug/rust-chain`
2025-05-08T11:14:33.351987Z  INFO rust_chain: listening on 127.0.0.1:8080
2025-05-08T12:59:16.022041Z  INFO rust_chain::routes: Getting number
2025-05-08T12:59:27.234464Z  INFO rust_chain::routes: Getting block number

```

### 测试

#### test.http 文件

请求：

```http
### hello world

GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json

### rust chain number

GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/number
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json

### handle_block_number

GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/block_number
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json

```

响应：

```bash
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8
content-length: 22
connection: close
date: Thu, 08 May 2025 12:57:59 GMT

<h1>Hello, World!</h1>

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
content-type: application/json
content-length: 7
connection: close
date: Thu, 08 May 2025 12:59:16 GMT

"69420"

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
content-type: application/json
content-length: 9
connection: close
date: Thu, 08 May 2025 12:59:27 GMT

"3803337"

```

## 总结

“rust-chain”项目展现了Rust与Solidity在Web3开发中的强大潜力。从项目搭建到Counter智能合约的部署，再到Rust后端与区块链的无缝交互，本文完整呈现了构建Web3应用的全流程。借助Foundry的高效工具链和ethers-rs的灵活性，开发者能够快速开发、部署并验证智能合约，同时通过Axum框架提供可靠的API服务。项目成功在Holesky测试网运行，验证了技术的可行性与前景。这份实战教程为Web3开发者提供了宝贵参考，助你解锁区块链未来的无限可能！

## 参考

- https://holesky.etherscan.io/address/0x5a31b9407095dd9a295139c4f0183c076051632d#readContract
- https://github.com/alloy-rs
- https://alloy.rs/
- https://alloy.rs/introduction/getting-started/
- https://github.com/gakonst/ethers-rs
- https://medium.com/@chalex-eth/how-to-build-a-web3-backend-in-rust-part-1-a92b649d42ad
- https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/blob/main/examples/hello-world/src/main.rs
- https://github.com/chalex-eth/web3_rust_backend
- https://www.gakonst.com/ethers-rs/
- https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/blob/main/examples/handle-head-request/src/main.rs
- https://github.com/chalex-eth/awesome-ethers-rs
- https://github.com/qiaopengjun5162/rust-chain
![hua](https://learnblockchain.cn/image/avatar/18602_big.jpg)

解锁Web3未来：Rust与Solidity智能合约实战

实操

创建项目

创建一个新的 Rust 项目，项目名称为 rust-chain

cargo new rust-chain  

    Creating binary (application) `rust-chain` package
note: see more `Cargo.toml` keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html

构建与运行Rust项目：rust-chain

cd rust-chain

ls
Cargo.toml src
cargo run
   Compiling rust-chain v0.1.0 (/Users/qiaopengjun/Code/Rust/rust-chain)
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.63s
     Running `target/debug/rust-chain`
Hello, world!

创建合约项目目录

mkdir contracts

切换到合约项目目录并初始化

cd contracts && forge init

查看合约项目目录

rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ tree . -L 6 -I "out|lib|cache|broadcast"
.
├── foundry.toml
├── note.md
├── README.md
├── remappings.txt
├── script
│   └── Counter.s.sol
├── src
│   └── Counter.sol
└── test
    └── Counter.t.sol

4 directories, 7 files

合约代码 Counter.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract Counter {
    uint256 public number;

    function setNumber(uint256 newNumber) public {
        number = newNumber;
    }

    function increment() public {
        number++;
    }
}

部署脚本 Counter.s.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Script, console2} from "forge-std/Script.sol";
import {Counter} from "../src/Counter.sol";

contract CounterScript is Script {
    Counter public counter;

    function setUp() public {}

    function run() public {
        uint256 deployerPrivateKey = vm.envUint("PRIVATE_KEY");
        vm.startBroadcast(deployerPrivateKey);

        counter = new Counter();

        console2.log("Counter address: ", address(counter));
        counter.setNumber(69420);
        console2.log("Counter number: ", counter.number());
        vm.stopBroadcast();
    }
}

安装项目所需的依赖库

rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ forge install                                 
Updating dependencies in /Users/qiaopengjun/Code/Rust/rust-chain/contracts/lib

项目依赖映射生成并保存到 remappings.txt 文件

rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ forge remappings > remappings.txt

编译构建合约

forge build 就是 Foundry 用来将你的 Solidity 代码转换成计算机（以太坊虚拟机 EVM）可以理解和执行的格式的命令。

rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ forge build                      
[⠊] Compiling...
No files changed, compilation skipped

部署并验证合约

rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ source .env           

rust-chain/contracts on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ forge script CounterScript --rpc-url $HOLESKY_RPC_URL --broadcast --verify -vvvvv 
[⠊] Compiling...
No files changed, compilation skipped
Traces:
  [121] CounterScript::setUp()
    └─ ← [Stop]

  [167052] CounterScript::run()
    ├─ [0] VM::envUint("PRIVATE_KEY") [staticcall]
    │   └─ ← [Return] &lt;env var value>
    ├─ [0] VM::startBroadcast(&lt;pk>)
    │   └─ ← [Return]
    ├─ [96345] → new Counter@0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D
    │   └─ ← [Return] 481 bytes of code
    ├─ [0] console::log("Counter address: ", Counter: [0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D]) [staticcall]
    │   └─ ← [Stop]
    ├─ [22492] Counter::setNumber(69420 [6.942e4])
    │   └─ ← [Stop]
    ├─ [424] Counter::number() [staticcall]
    │   └─ ← [Return] 69420 [6.942e4]
    ├─ [0] console::log("Counter number: ", 69420 [6.942e4]) [staticcall]
    │   └─ ← [Stop]
    ├─ [0] VM::stopBroadcast()
    │   └─ ← [Return]
    └─ ← [Stop]

Script ran successfully.

== Logs ==
  Counter address:  0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D
  Counter number:  69420

## Setting up 1 EVM.
==========================
Simulated On-chain Traces:

  [96345] → new Counter@0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D
    └─ ← [Return] 481 bytes of code

  [22492] Counter::setNumber(69420 [6.942e4])
    └─ ← [Stop]

==========================

Chain 17000

Estimated gas price: 0.00349614 gwei

Estimated total gas used for script: 264249

Estimated amount required: 0.00000092385149886 ETH

==========================

##### holesky
✅  [Success] Hash: 0xc29b0a07ed4e464222824cf483c5fcb49d2be8a6d4b7928e69f3e322cf045c5d
Contract Address: 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D
Block: 3787922
Paid: 0.000000548248384151 ETH (156817 gas * 0.003496103 gwei)

##### holesky
✅  [Success] Hash: 0x6bff519cb35a59975c8c7984d459e3651f7376fe33c68d15cecffd233e9489a4
Block: 3787922
Paid: 0.00000015284962316 ETH (43720 gas * 0.003496103 gwei)

✅ Sequence #1 on holesky | Total Paid: 0.000000701098007311 ETH (200537 gas * avg 0.003496103 gwei)

==========================

ONCHAIN EXECUTION COMPLETE & SUCCESSFUL.
##
Start verification for (1) contracts
Start verifying contract `0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D` deployed on holesky
EVM version: shanghai
Compiler version: 0.8.20

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (4 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (3 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (2 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (1 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Warning: Could not detect the deployment.; waiting 5 seconds before trying again (0 tries remaining)

Submitting verification for [src/Counter.sol:Counter] 0x5A31b9407095dd9A295139c4F0183c076051632D.
Submitted contract for verification:
        Response: `OK`
        GUID: `fgkwdamvcuihvdydrfaxyfwwnmwuwcncpri6ljnjtbwgaxajaw`
        URL: https://holesky.etherscan.io/address/0x5a31b9407095dd9a295139c4f0183c076051632d
Contract verification status:
Response: `NOTOK`
Details: `Pending in queue`
Warning: Verification is still pending...; waiting 15 seconds before trying again (7 tries remaining)
Contract verification status:
Response: `OK`
Details: `Pass - Verified`
Contract successfully verified
All (1) contracts were verified!

Transactions saved to: /Users/qiaopengjun/Code/Rust/rust-chain/contracts/broadcast/Counter.s.sol/17000/run-latest.json

Sensitive values saved to: /Users/qiaopengjun/Code/Rust/rust-chain/contracts/cache/Counter.s.sol/17000/run-latest.json

浏览器查看合约

https://holesky.etherscan.io/address/0x5a31b9407095dd9a295139c4f0183c076051632d#code

查看项目目录结构

rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ tree . -L 6 -I "out|lib|cache|broadcast|target"
.
├── Cargo.lock
├── Cargo.toml
├── contracts
│   ├── foundry.toml
│   ├── note.md
│   ├── README.md
│   ├── remappings.txt
│   ├── script
│   │   └── Counter.s.sol
│   ├── src
│   │   └── Counter.sol
│   └── test
│       └── Counter.t.sol
├── src
│   ├── counter.json
│   ├── counter.rs
│   ├── lib.rs
│   ├── main.rs
│   └── routes.rs
└── test.http

6 directories, 15 files

ABI 文件 counter.json

[
  {
    "inputs": [],
    "name": "increment",
    "outputs": [],
    "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
    "type": "function"
  },
  {
    "inputs": [],
    "name": "number",
    "outputs": [{ "internalType": "uint256", "name": "", "type": "uint256" }],
    "stateMutability": "view",
    "type": "function"
  },
  {
    "inputs": [
      { "internalType": "uint256", "name": "newNumber", "type": "uint256" }
    ],
    "name": "setNumber",
    "outputs": [],
    "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
    "type": "function"
  }
]

counter.rs 文件

use std::sync::Arc;

use ethers::{
    contract::{ContractError, abigen},
    providers::{Http, Provider},
    types::{Address, U256},
};

abigen!(CounterContract, "./src/counter.json");

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Counter {
    pub client: Arc&lt;Provider&lt;Http>>,
    pub contract: CounterContract&lt;Provider&lt;Http>>,
}

impl Counter {
    pub fn new(provider: Arc&lt;Provider&lt;Http>>, address: Address) -> Self {
        let contract = CounterContract::new(address, provider.clone());
        Self {
            client: provider,
            contract,
        }
    }

    pub async fn get_number(&self) -> Result&lt;U256, ContractError&lt;Provider&lt;Http>>> {
        let number = self.contract.number().call().await?;
        Ok(number)
    }
}

routes.rs 文件

use axum::{
    Extension, Json,
    http::StatusCode,
    response::{IntoResponse, Response},
};
use ethers::{
    contract::ContractError,
    providers::{Http, Middleware, Provider, ProviderError},
};
use thiserror::Error;
use tracing::info;

use crate::counter::Counter;

#[derive(Debug, Error)]
pub enum ApiError {
    #[error(": ContractError {0}")]
    ContractError(#[from] ContractError&lt;Provider&lt;Http>>),
    #[error(": ProviderError {0}")]
    ProviderError(#[from] ProviderError),
}

impl IntoResponse for ApiError {
    fn into_response(self) -> Response {
        let body = match self {
            Self::ContractError(e) => format!("Contract Error: {}", e),
            Self::ProviderError(e) => format!("Provider Error: {}", e),
        };
        (StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, body).into_response()
    }
}

pub async fn handle_number(
    Extension(counter): Extension&lt;Counter>,
) -> Result&lt;Json&lt;String>, ApiError> {
    info!("Getting number");

    let number = counter.get_number().await?;
    Ok(Json(number.to_string()))
}

pub async fn handle_block_number(
    Extension(counter): Extension&lt;Counter>,
) -> Result&lt;Json&lt;String>, ApiError> {
    info!("Getting block number");
    let block_number: u64 = counter.client.get_block_number().await?.as_u64();

    Ok(Json(block_number.to_string()))
}

lib.rs 文件

pub mod counter;
pub mod routes;

Cargo.toml 文件

[package]
name = "rust-chain"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2024"

[dependencies]
anyhow = "1.0.98"
dotenv = "0.15.0"
ethers = { version = "2.0.14", default-features = false, features = ["rustls"] }
tokio = { version = "1.45.0", features = ["full"] }
tracing = "0.1.41"
tracing-subscriber = "0.3.19"
axum = { version = "0.8.4", features = ["json"] }
thiserror = "2.0.12"
eyre = "0.6.12"
axum-macros = "0.5.0"

构建项目

cargo build: Rust 的构建命令，默认会：

编译当前项目及其依赖。
生成 未优化的调试版本（适合开发阶段）。

rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 took 1h 21m 13.5s 
➜ cargo build
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.53s

基本检查（当前包）

cargo check 是 Rust 的 快速静态检查命令，它只进行语法和类型检查，不生成可执行文件，因此速度比 cargo build 快很多。

rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ cargo check
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.50s

编译并运行项目

cargo run 是 Rust 项目中用于 编译并运行 可执行程序的命令。它会自动处理代码编译（如果需要）并执行生成的二进制文件。

rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ cargo run  
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.42s
     Running `target/debug/rust-chain`
2025-05-08T11:14:33.351987Z  INFO rust_chain: listening on 127.0.0.1:8080

rust-chain on  master [+?] is 📦 0.1.0 via 🦀 1.86.0 
➜ cargo run  
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.42s
     Running `target/debug/rust-chain`
2025-05-08T11:14:33.351987Z  INFO rust_chain: listening on 127.0.0.1:8080
2025-05-08T12:59:16.022041Z  INFO rust_chain::routes: Getting number
2025-05-08T12:59:27.234464Z  INFO rust_chain::routes: Getting block number

测试

test.http 文件

请求：

### hello world

GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json

### rust chain number

GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/number
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json

### handle_block_number

GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/block_number
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json

响应：

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8
content-length: 22
connection: close
date: Thu, 08 May 2025 12:57:59 GMT

&lt;h1>Hello, World!&lt;/h1>

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
content-type: application/json
content-length: 7
connection: close
date: Thu, 08 May 2025 12:59:16 GMT

"69420"

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
content-type: application/json
content-length: 9
connection: close
date: Thu, 08 May 2025 12:59:27 GMT

"3803337"

总结

参考

原创
学分: 10
分类: 以太坊
标签: 以太坊 Web3 Solidity Rust 智能合约

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解锁Web3未来：Rust与Solidity智能合约实战

解锁Web3未来：Rust与Solidity智能合约实战

实操

创建项目

构建与运行Rust项目：rust-chain

创建合约项目目录

切换到合约项目目录并初始化

查看合约项目目录

合约代码 Counter.sol

部署脚本 Counter.s.sol

安装项目所需的依赖库

项目依赖映射生成并保存到 remappings.txt 文件

编译构建合约

部署并验证合约

浏览器查看合约

查看项目目录结构

ABI 文件 counter.json

counter.rs 文件

routes.rs 文件

lib.rs 文件

Cargo.toml 文件

构建项目

基本检查（当前包）

编译并运行项目

测试

test.http 文件

总结

参考

0 条评论

专栏: Web3

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